YL113 (YL113A) Aluminum Alloy Technical Specification Full Analysis
Date: 2026-01-11 Categories: Blog Views: 146
A cost-effective alloy for the die casting industry, YL113 aluminum alloy is popular for its excellent castability and good mechanical properties. The alloy is particularly well suited for the production of high volume parts of medium strength and complexity, providing an excellent balance between cost and performance.
Yl113 对应的国家牌号就是 YZAlSi11Cu3.
- 旧国标（GB/T 1173-1995）：铸造铝合金牌号表示为 ZAlSi11Cu3。其中的“Z”代表“铸造”，“L”代表“铝”。
- 新国标（GB/T 1173-2013）：采用了与国际标准（ISO）更接轨的命名方式，牌号表示为 YZAlSi11Cu3。其中开头的“Y”代表“压铸”。
- 行业/企业代号:YL113 或 YL113A 是该材料在压铸行业、企业标准或设计手册中广泛使用的简称或代号，非常通用。
YL113 Aluminum Alloy Composition Table
| elemental | Content range (wt%) | functional role |
|---|---|---|
| Aluminum (Al) | tolerance (i.e. allowed error) | Matrix material, providing the structural foundation |
| Silicon (Si) | 9.0-11.0 | Improved flowability and reduced shrinkage defects |
| Copper (Cu) | 1.8-2.5 | Enhanced strength and hardness |
| Iron (Fe) | ≤0.9 | Improves die casting performance and prevents mold sticking |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤0.5 | Neutralize the harmful effects of iron |
| Zinc (Zn) | ≤1.0 | Micro-improved corrosion resistance |
YL113 Physical and Mechanical Properties Parameter Table
| Performance indicators | Numerical range | Cross reference (A380) |
|---|---|---|
| intensity | 2.68-2.70 g/cm³ | 2.71 g/cm³ |
| Tensile strength (cast) | 220-250 MPa | 310-330 MPa |
| yield strength | 110-130 MPa | 150-160 MPa |
| elongation | 2.0-3.0% | 2.5-3.5% |
| Brinell hardness | 70-80 HB | 75-85 HB |
| heat conductivity | 92-96 W/(m-K) | 96 W/(m-K) |
| Coefficient of linear expansion | 21.5-22.5 μm/(m-°C) | 21.8 μm/(m-°C) |
Mechanical Performance Enhancement Path
The mechanical properties of YL113 can be systematically enhanced to meet a wider range of applications through the following combination of strategies:
- Microalloying and composition optimizationThe following are examples: strict control of iron content (≤0.7%) and addition of trace titanium (Ti: 0.1-0.15%) for grain refinement; and control of copper content at the upper end of the range (~2.5%), which significantly improves the room and high temperature strengths.
- Advanced Die Casting Process: Adoptionvacuum die casting(Vacuum degree ≤ 50mbar) can reduce the porosity to below 1%, fatigue strength enhancement 20-30%; on the thick and large parts using thelocalized extrusionThe technology effectively eliminates shrinkage holes and improves density and strength uniformity.
- heat treatment strengthening: The most cost-effective way to reinforce YL113 is toT5 manual aging(Holding at 150-180°C for 4-8 hours). After T5 treatment, its tensile strength can be increased to270-310 MPaYield strength up to180-220 MPaIt is suitable for die castings that require high strength but cannot be subjected to drastic solution treatment, while maintaining good dimensional stability.
对应的国际牌号
这种材料在国内外都非常通用，其对应关系如下，：
- 中国国标：YZAlSi11Cu3 (GB/T 1173-2013)
- 国际标准:AlSi11Cu3(Fe) 或 EN AC-46000 (欧盟标准 EN 1706)
- 美国标准:A383.0 (ASTM)
- 日本标准:AD12.1 (JIS)
大体上相同，实际上有略微差异，例如ADC12与YL113对比
| characterization | ADC12 | YL113 (A383) | 对价格的影响 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 核心定位 | 通用压铸，成本优先 | 高品质压铸，性能优先 | YL113定位更高端 |
| 硅含量 | 高 (10.5-12.0%) | 适中 (9.5-11.5%) | 成分成本差异 |
| 铁含量 | 高 (≤1.3%) | 低 (≤0.6%) | YL113原料和工艺成本更高 |
| 机械性能 | 一般（强度、韧性较低） | 优秀（强度、韧性高） | 性能溢价 |
| 铸造性能 | 极佳 | 良好 | ADC12在此有优势 |
| corrosion resistance | general | 较好 | YL113附加值高 |
| 加工性 | 一般（刀具磨损较快） | 较好 | 为下游客户节省成本 |
| typical application | 外壳、普通结构件 | 高应力结构件、汽车关键件 | YL113用于高附加值产品 |
Application of YL113 in die-casting industry
Based on its excellent castability, cost advantage and strengthenable mechanical properties, YL113 is widely used in the die casting industry in the following areas:
1. General purpose machinery and equipment (mainstream applications)
- Shell parts: Motor casing, reducer case, pneumatic tool casing (cost lower than A380 15%-20%, suitable for mass production).
- Brackets and fixings: Equipment mounting brackets, engine accessory brackets, internal structural connectors (good balance of machinability and strength).
- domestic electric appliance: Washing machine counterweight block, air conditioner outdoor unit frame, vacuum cleaner body structure (good weather resistance and surface treatment adaptability).
2. Automotive components (expanded with performance optimization)
- Powertrain accessories: After T5 treatment, it can be used for medium load-bearing parts such as sensor brackets, generator housings, oil pump housings, etc. of engines.
- Body & Interior: Door lock housings, seat adjuster parts, dashboard crossmember brackets (lightweight alternative to cast iron or steel parts, weight reduction up to 50%-60%).
- Chassis systems: Some non-critical suspension mounts, brake system auxiliary housings (to realize significant cost savings while meeting design requirements in terms of strength).
3. Electronic/electrical and industrial fields
- Electrical housings: Circuit breaker housings, meter box bodies, small and medium-sized motor end caps (good combination of electromagnetic shielding and heat dissipation).
- Thermal components: LED lamps and lanterns heat sinks, power supply module substrate, inverter cooling shell (excellent thermal conductivity, casting performance to ensure that the complex fin structure molding).
- Industrial equipment: Non-pressurized housings for pumps and valves, conveyor belt components, frames for automation equipment (good wear resistance with sufficient strength).
YL113 Aluminum Alloy Frequently Asked Questions
Q1：What should I do if there is insufficient fluidity in YL113 alloy die casting?
Solution:
① Control silicon content in the optimal range of 9.5%-10.5%.
② Increase the mold temperature to 180-220°C.
③ Adjust the casting system, increase the inner gate cross-sectional area 20%-30%
Q2：How to improve the low mechanical strength of YL113 castings?
Technology Optimization:
- Copper content control in 2.0%-2.4% enhancement zone
- Adoption of T5 heat treatment process (holding at 160-180°C for 4-6 hours)
- Add 0.1%-0.3% chromium element to refine the tissue
Measured data: Tensile strength increased to 280-300MPa after T5 treatment
Q3：How to solve the problem of faster tool wear during YL113 machining?
Process Response:
① Use of PCD tools or coated carbide tools
② Optimized cutting parameters: line speed 150-200m/min, feed 0.1-0.15mm/r
③ Use high lubricity cutting fluid to reduce cutting temperature.
Q4: What is the surface treatment performance of YL113?
Surface Treatment Program:
- Anodizing: uniform oxide film can be obtained, film thickness 10-15μm
- Powder coating: strong adhesion, suitable for outdoor use
- Electrophoretic coating: good coverage, salt spray test up to 240-360 hours
- For high decorative requirements, a combination of polishing + anodizing is recommended
Q5: How to choose between YL113 and A380?
Selection Guide:
- Select YL113: Medium strength requirements, cost-sensitive, high-volume parts; suitable for applications where performance thresholds are reached through T5 heat treatment or process optimization.
- Go for the A380.High-strength requirements, high-temperature resistant applications, thin-walled complex parts; the pursuit of extreme performance and budgetary constraints.
Economy Comparison: The YL113 material cost is approximately 8%-12% lower than the A380, and through proper design and enhancement, it can be a very cost-effective alternative in many applications.
